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Highest-ranking Xia Dynasty noble tombs discovered in China, dating to the age of Minoan Crete_我的网站

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    Coffin chamber M13 Photo: Courtesy of the Shanxi Provincial Institute of ArchaeologyThe highest-ranking noble cemetery complex from the late Xia Dynasty (c.2070BC-c.1600BC) ever discovered has been unearthed at the Zhongcun site in North China's Shanxi Province, expanding research on Xia and Shang (c.1600BC-1046BC) civilizations and early state formation in ancient China, according to a press release that the local institute of archaeology sent to the Global Times on Monday.
Located on a hilly terrace west of the Taihang Mountains and flanked by the Songxi River, the site was excavated in 2024 and 2025 by the Shanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology and partner institutions, leading to the discovery of 18 tombs, including six Xia Dynasty burial sites and 12 Warring States Period (475BC-221BC) graves. 
"These are the highest-ranking Xia aristocratic tombs discovered so far, indicating that this location was a regional center," the institute said.
The Xia Dynasty is traditionally regarded as China's first hereditary dynasty, though contemporaneous written records are lacking.
The well-organized Xia tombs, concentrated in the western part of the cemetery, feature uniform east-west oriented vertical earthen pits. Researchers recovered nearly 40 sets of artifacts with distinctive local cultural characteristics, including pottery, lacquerware and turquoise ornaments. 
Extended regional surveys across the Songxi River valley yielded more than 10 Xia and Shang period sites. Test excavations at nearby relic sites unearthed pottery fragments, stone tools, bronze knives, as well as tin-bronze ingots and smelting residue, providing solid evidence of early metal mining and craftsmanship. 
Local copper-iron symbiotic ore deposits confirm exploitation of these resources during the Xia and Shang eras, while typical cultural artifacts found in adjacent counties reveal widespread regional cultural exchange.
Multidisciplinary analyses further decoded the civilization's features. Ancient human remains belong primarily to the ancient population of the Central Plains with minor Mongolian Plateau ­genetic traits, forming a stable patrilineal clan. The community relied on millet farming and maintained long-distance resource trade networks. 
Artifact provenance tests trace scallop shell ornaments to the Bohai Sea, cinnabar to Hunan-Guizhou ore belts, turquoise to the eastern Qinling Mountains area, and coffin timber to local Taihang pine trees. Such diverse materials reflect close interaction among the Taihang foothills, the press release noted.
Lab restoration unveiled refined ritual relics, including a dragon-patterned lacquer cylinder with red and black stripes and an intact lacquer gu vessel (a type of wine vessel). Turquoise plaques from the site match specimens from the Erlitou site, a core Xia cultural relic, proving ­cross-regional cultural interaction. Radiocarbon dating places the site's active period between 1880BC and 1450BC, aligning with the late Xia Dynasty.
Scholars confirmed the findings have helped reshape academic understanding of Xia-Shang civilizations and reconstruct multi-level settlement patterns on the western Taihang foothills, while offering new insights into social complexity and civilization development in early China.
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B |     以“练”筑防          护“幼”成长          水映加州幼儿园防拐骗演练活动          “患生于所忽，祸起于细微”，幼儿的安全牵动着每一个人的心。为进一步提高幼儿的安全防范意识和自我保护能力，避免幼儿被拐骗和伤害幼儿的人身安全事故发生，2024年12月12日，开福区水映加州幼儿园开展了一场家园合力的防拐骗安全演练活动。         •          ✦          ✦          •                    班级准备阶段          各班老师组织孩子们开展防诱拐安全教育活动，通过PPT、图片、视频等方式，给孩子们普及了“不跟陌生人走”“跟陌生人说不”等防拐骗安全知识，加强对孩子的安全教育。         演习安排部署          演练开始之前，首先给家长们做了活动的安排部署，根据幼儿年龄的特点，提前给家长们培训了各种“拐骗”方法，为之后的“拐骗”行动做好准备。         本次防拐骗演练是在孩子们不知情的情况下悄悄展开的。当面对陌生的阿姨带着好吃的糖果、漂亮的气球来套近乎时,不知道他们又会是什么样的表现呢？一起去看看吧!          •          ✦          ✦          •                    防拐开始啦          家长充当“骗子”参与到演练中，用好吃的糖果、好玩的玩具、有趣的秘密等诱惑幼儿。有的幼儿因自制力不强，经不起诱惑被骗走；有的幼儿虽有一定的警觉性但经不住“骗子”花言巧语和零食引诱，最终还是被骗走。                                                  “小朋友们，我是新来的老师，今天我带了很多的玩具、糖果，和我一起出去玩吧！          防          拐          演          练          •          ✦          ✦          •                    总结反馈          演练结束后，火山老师向幼儿说明情况，并及时对“被拐”幼儿进行了情绪安抚，表扬了经受住诱惑的小朋友，并对本次演练活动进行了小结。教育幼儿不信陌生人的话，不要陌生人的东西，不跟陌生人走，以及遇到与爸爸妈妈走散该如何施救，加强幼儿的防走失、防拐骗意识。          通过家园共育的桥梁，有效形成家园防骗防拐合力，幼儿园将继续增强安全教学，严抓不懈，构筑生命的安全堡垒，为孩子的安全保驾护航！          •          ✦          ✦          •          防拐技巧分享          感觉遇到危险时，          立刻向可靠人员求助                    当感觉危险逼近，必须及时求救。要向警察、保安，商店或饭店的服务员，穿着制服的游乐场员工等等寻求帮助。         尖叫着问“你是谁？！救命！！”          /                    我们其实常常在街上看到大人抓着孩子的手臂，孩子哭闹纠缠。

C | 但老实说，这种场景确实很难分辨到底是孩子遇到了危险，还是孩子在跟家长耍赖，于是大多数人选择直接走过。所以，一定要教会孩子，在这样的时刻，尖叫“你是谁！救命！”、“我不认识你！”、“我的爸爸妈妈在哪里？救命！”，“救命！他不是我爸爸！”以明确告诉周围的大人，他正处于危险中。         做出破坏性行为以引起注意          /                    我们教孩子讲文明懂礼貌，但是在遭遇危险的时候，请立刻抛弃那些礼仪礼貌。告诉孩子，当陌生人想要捉住他，他完全可以以拳打脚踢、尖叫或是撕咬的方式尽力反抗，以引起周围大人的关注，从而帮助他们。

D |          攻击坏人是不会被责怪的          /                    一定要告诉孩子，他的安全比什么都重要。一旦孩子孤身一人去了某地，碰到需要迅速摆脱的险境，要毫不犹豫地丢掉随身携带的任何东西，大声叫喊并快速奔跑。万一被陌生人挟持，也要大声叫喊，抓住附近固定的物体，如车门，自行车扶手等。也可以踢打挟持者的腹股沟或眼睛，不要轻易让挟持者抱走。要让孩子知道：为了保护自己而伤害了坏人，是不会被责怪的。

E |          自救小技巧          1.记住城市、小区、门牌号；          2.记住父母的名字、电话；          3.教孩子拨打紧急求助电话，急救120，求助110，火警119；          4.让孩子记住相对靠谱的可求助对象;或有孩子的父母；穿军警制服的群体；一群学生。

F |                    END          【开福区水映加州幼儿园】          编辑：首媛芝          一审：首媛芝          二审：陈扬眉          三审：陈扬眉。

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Published on:06:24:36